|
The greater long-eared bat (''Nyctophilus timoriensis'') is a species of vesper bat in the Vespertilionidae family. Bats are mammals that are classified into two orders Megachiroptera (megabats), in which fruit bats belong; and Microchiroptera (microbats) which includes all the other bats.〔 Vespertilionidae are the largest family of Australian Bats with many similar species that are difficult to identify.〔Churchill, S. (2008). Australian Bats. Australia: Allen & Unwin〕 They have an extensive tail membrane that fully encloses the tail.〔 The ears and tragus of these bats are variable and they have no nose-leaf or, at most, a low transverse muzzle ridge (''Nyctophilus'').〔 ''Nyctophilus timoriensis'' is found in the following countries: Australia,〔Hutson, T., Schlitter, D., Csorba, G., McKenzie, N., Reardon, T., Lumsden, L., Pennay, M., Ellis, M. and Parnaby, H. (2008). Nyctophilus timoriensis. In: IUCN (2008). 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.〕 Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. The south eastern form occurs in the woodlands of the Murray Darling Basin〔Ellis, M. and Turbill, C. (2002) The box-ironbark forests of central-western New South Wales are a distinct stronghold for Nyctophilus timoriensis (south-eastern form). Australasian Bat Society Newsletter. 18: 22.〕〔Turbill, C. and Ellis, M. (2006). Distribution and abundance of the south eastern form of the Greater Long-eared Bat Nyctophilus timoriensis. Australian Mammalogy. 28:1-6.〕 and adjacent areas,〔Ellis, M., Lumsden, L., Shulz, M., Reardon, T., Richards, G. and Hoye, G. (1999). Eastern Long-eared Bat. In: The Action Plan for Australian Bats (A. Duncan, G. B. Baker and N. Montgomery eds.) (Environment Australia, Canberra).〕 and is now referred to as ''Nyctophilus corbeni''.〔Parnaby, H (2009). A taxonomic review of Australian greater long-eared bats previously known as Nyctophilus timoriensis (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) and some associated taxa. Australian Zoologist. 35:39-81〕 Up until recently the South-eastern Long-eared Bat was considered a subspecies of the Greater Long-eared Bat, ''Nyctophilus timorensis'' but recent studies have described the bat as a separate species, ''Nyctophilus corbeni''.〔Department of the Environment (2015). ''Nyctophilus corbeni'' in Species Profile and Threats Database, Department of the Environment, Canberra. Available from:http://www.environment.gov.au.sprat〕 The Australian Government's Species Profile and Threats Database also states that the other name of the South-eastern Long-eared Bat is the Greater long-eared Bat.〔 ==Description== The South-eastern Long-eared Bat, ''Nyctophilus corbeni'', has a head and body length of approximately 50-75mm and a tail length of about 35-50mm.〔 They have a broad wing and tail membrane surface which permits slow but highly controllable flight.〔 Males are lighter (11-15g) in weight than females (14-21g).〔 These bats have a broader skull and jaw which along with their larger size makes them more distinguishable from other long-eared bats.〔 The South-eastern Long-eared Bat is classed as a microbat, and the majority of microbats only have a wingspan of approximately 30 cm that stretches from the fingers and then down the side of the body to the leg; and it is made of remarkable skin that is soft, strong and flexible and is able to repair it's self punctured.〔 The bats can control their flight by 'feeling' for turbulence thanks to being covered with tiny touch receptors which are small bumps with tiny hairs protruding from the centre, which are sensitive to air flow.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Greater long-eared bat」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|